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自建DNS服务器


自建DNS服务器(dnsmasq)，对抗DNS污染

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原文地址是：自建DNS服务器(dnsmasq)，对抗DNS污染 在此表示感谢

背景

  • 学校网络出口劫持严重，上淘宝加返利———-等等等等等等
  • 一直更新hosts不方便，要上google，全平台不好弄
  • 项目组需要

目的

  • 搭建一个可访问个人公网DNS服务器
  • 提高DNS加载速度
  • 规避运营商的DNS劫持
  • 不影响学校内网访问
  • 简单的能上google

准备

  • 一台有公网IP的vps，开放了53端口（端口扫描显示开放了53端口）
  • 装的是linux系统（以 CentOS 6.4 为例）
  • WinSCP（或其他文件管理）
  • putty.exe（或者其他SSH登陆工具）
  • 没了。。。。

DNSmasq原理和说明

  • DNSmasq是一个小巧且方便地用于配置DNS和DHCP的工具，适用于小型网络。作为域名解析服务器(DNS)，dnsmasq可以通过缓存 DNS 请求来提高对访问过的网址的连接速度。
  • 通过设置DNSmasq的上游DNS地址为无污染DNS来解决运营商的DNS污染。
  • DNSmasq可以对单独的网址设置DNS服务器。对于学校内网地址设置为学校教育网的DNS解析。对于类似于youtube这种由于DNS污染没法访问的地址，可以先收集无污染的DNS地址，然后交与无污染DNS解析得到正确地址。
  • DNSmasq再对网址提交上游DNS解析前，可以先通过本地hosts匹配。设置合适hosts可以实现科学上网。
开始！

步骤

安装dnsmasq

  • 1
    yum install dnsmasq -y

配置Dnsmasq

  • Dnsmasq的配置文件是 /etc/dnsmasq.conf .通过WinSCP加载修改。
  • 此次使用的配置如下
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     #指定给dnsmasq使用的hosts
 addn-hosts=/etc/dnsmasq.host
 #不使用/etc/resolv.conf(VPS默认DNS)来进行上游dns服务器解析需要配置的比较少直接写在dnsmasq.conf文件里了
 no-resolv
   
#上游DNS地址这里为腾讯DNS和中科大DNS
server=119.29.29.29
server=202.141.162.123
server=/google.com/202.141.162.123
   #这一行是针对学校内网访问，学校内地址使用学校内网DNS。具体地区调整。
server=/.edu.cn/202.141.162.123
  • 上游DNS推荐
    这里需要在VPS上测试各个DNS后决定。
    • 常用靠谱DNS
      阿里DNS 223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6
      114DNS 114.114.114.114
      腾讯DNS 119.29.29.29
      V2EX DNS 199.91.73.222 178.79.131.110（访问苹果商店有buff加速）
    • 无污染DNS
      目前比较稳定的只有中科大DNS和一些自建的小型DNS。小型DNS通过反带来访问google等，会带来一些隐私和安全风险，还是推荐自建DNS/hosts访问。
      中科大DNS
      202.38.93.153 （教育网）
      202.141.176.93 （中国移动）
      202.141.162.123 （中国电信）
    • 其他DNS请自行GOOGLE
  • 千万注意！！！ 配置文件中有listen-address配置，网络大多数教程中有listen-address=127.0.0.1这是指Dnsmasq只服务于本机的DNS请求。如果需要搭建公网DNS服务，这个绝对不能有！！

创建/修改/etc/dnsmasq.host文件

  • 一些常用去广告hosts/科学上网hosts的内容，
    具体不多说hosts科学上网是一天比一天死的快。没有找到靠谱的地址推荐。自行搜索把！

重启Dnsmasq服务

  • 1
    sudo service dnsmasq restart

测试53端口

  • 1
    netstat -tunlp|grep 53
  • 如果正常应该如下
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    [root@VM_27_70_centos ~]# netstat -tunlp|grep 53
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:53                  0.0.0.0:*                   LIST                    EN      4226/dnsmasq
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:53                  0.0.0.0:*                                                   4226/dnsmasq

修改本地DNS地址

  • 这个不多说了，不会的自行google了。。
结束语
创建完了，本地DNS快多了，访问淘宝再也没有了牛皮癣。

参考文献

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