跳至主要内容

Rhino画剖面的各种姿势

来自于微信--Rhino画剖面的各种姿势

那么进入正题,本期主题是Section,准确的说是Perspective Section。


作为最能表达内部空间的图示形式,剖透视受到众多设计师的青睐。
这种Section Diagram,在正确表达结构(或者更加复杂的构造)的基础上,加入人物、物品、景观,将事件和场所注入图形之中,使空间流动。表达功能的同时,描述空间和设计者的意图。
这里,我们以上一期美食之家的模型为例,与大家聊聊Rhino结合模型制作剖透视的技巧。

-----------------------------

对于rhino的话,不论是要绘制剖面还是剖透视,我们都有无数种方法,其中有着很多小技巧,就以我们之前刚做的美食之家的图作为案例给大家一一道来吧,那么下图就是我们成图的目标了~~~~
下图是我们最终的成果图~~~好吧植物们吃了不好意思·······还有不要问地下室去哪了,实际建筑就没地下室,只有概念图有·······
这样的一张图很能反映设计思路和设计细节,想要绘制这样一张图的话大前提肯定是有足够的设计深度,以及完善的设计模型。经过之前我们的努力,已经得到了尽量细致的模型了,接下来就是如何出图以及美化了。
我们都知道rhino当中有一个自带的剖面工具,大概是酱紫的
就视觉效果的话还是可以的,如果被剖切的物体是封闭实体的话剖切面还会给你封上,如果这样的效果就可以满足你的要求了,那我们直接点击print打印图像。而打印出的图像效果如何直接取决你的显示模式调整。

但是这样的方式缺点自然也很明显,比如本身是位图,导出之后不大好加工,剖切面还得自己一个一个的填色,也没办法去添加构造级别的线稿,有的剖切线竟然还打印不出来,实在是太低效了,可加工程度也低,不符合我们学rhino的宗旨,不过如果你仅仅是想叠线稿的话,这到不失为一个好的方法。
然而我们的要求肯定不会这么低,那么我们要怎么做呢?首先,rhino自身的剖切面是不能被make2D的,这就意味着我们没办法得到剖切面的线稿再进行深加工。那怎么办咧?如果我们想要之前那张吊炸天的图怎么办呢?这就要隆重介绍我们rhino的一个剖切插件了~~sectiontool
这是一个简单好用却很强大的rhino插件,下载后直接双击安装就可以了,我们来简单看看使用方法,毕竟这个插件本身就没几个命令,首先第一步,菜单栏点击create然后全选所有想要加入剖切的物体来创建剖切位置。
记得进行选项设置,设置剖切轴向dir是x还是y还是自己pick;设置SolidMode为both,同时又surface和hatch,后面的各种选项都是用来设置填充显示的。
然后点击2D Layout它就开始给你出剖截面了。

差不多是酱紫,注意,不断有截面线,还有剖面线,还封了面,并且这些面的材质都继承了剖切物体的材质哦!仔细观察你会发现多了几个图层,分别存储剖切的线和面和剖切线,并且图层是锁定的,意思是不到最后你不要去动它,因为当你修改剖切位置或者模型之后,这个剖切面是可以自动更新的!然而问题是没有看线啊,光有这个有球用?那让我们继续。
点击view(Clip,View,Cplane),你就可以看到剖视图的预览

但是现在仍然只是显示模式的预览,仍然不是矢量图,也不是平面图,这时sectiontool厉害的地方来了,点击对剖视图进行make2d,这里的选项设置和rhino本身是一致的,根据需要去调整选项就行了。

那么你将得到下图这样的线稿,感觉离我们的目标进了一步了,那让我们开始吧。


首先我们要把视角调对了,比较便捷的方式是,先将试图调到对应的平行视图

然后切换成投影模式并缩放视图至所选物体,就可以得到正对着模型的视图了。

赶紧右键存一下视图,防止下一次要调用,类似于su的场景。

那么我们现在可以点击section tool的make2d of clippde view命令了,然后你讲得到如下的一张图,细节不错,但是还是有很多问题。
首先是有曲面的部分不能make2d,所以我们需要对有曲面的部分提取边缘或者添加结构线等,添加可以make2d的东西。
这样就对了。

第二是尺寸,make2d得到的线稿并不是实际尺寸而是视图的相对尺寸,所以我们要对其进行缩放,比如我知道我的底板是250mm厚度,我就依次对全部线稿进行缩放就哦了。

其余部分自然也就对了

尺寸标注的话大多数和cad是一致的,比较需要注意的是空间缩放比,其他的各位用了这么久的cad看着设置就行了,我们采用和原图的圆点形式的标注。
等等,好像少了什么?对!剖面线~!截面位置的剖面线我们是可以自己绘制的,像酱紫,用剖面线命令,该怎么花就怎么画,和cad差不多

但是三维的怎么办?酱紫的?

没什么办法,三维画,然后make2d呗,但是有一些是需要注意的。首先rhino自己的填充图案很少,只有几种,好在我们是可以直接从cad的图案里倒入的,cad有多少我们就有多少~!进剖面线倒入,然而这个方式有点问题,那就是每次只能倒入一个······这不坑爹么···难道我们真要一个一个的导入么?当然不是!
首先,在cad当中把你想要的或者可能用到的填充图案都画出来,如下。

导入rhino当中,所有的填充图案就都有了,这些记得单独存个图层不要删,因为rhino的图案在关闭rhino之后就会清空,下次用还得重新导入,除非你rhino当中有对应的图案实例存在,所以存着表删~~~接下来就可以开始了。

借助gh的Human插件我们只要有平面轮廓线直接获得所有的填充~!
通过这样的方法,我们经过了一番努力我么把需要的部分加上了填充,那么重新开始make2d of clippde view命令,需要注意的是,剖面线一定要炸开才能make2d!一定要炸开!并且顺便加上点人以及家具来营造气氛~~~

缩放后我们就得到了正确的三维剖面显示以及人的轮廓,看这三维的hatch多标志~

好,缩放之后就可以开始标注了,wait!突然发现rhino没有天正的多点标注啊,怎么办,一个个标注然后移动对齐么?怎么能这么低效!不符合我们rhino的大方针!怎么办?我们有GH啊!只要把关键点对齐y轴之后输入给gh自动对齐标注就哦了,bake出来的标注就是当前标注样式~~

就酱紫,经过一番努力我们得到了基础的图,不着急,还有很长的路要走。

首先,剖面截面线怎么办,make2d并没有帮我们把截面处的填充做出来,难道要我们一个个来画么,wait!sectiontool创建剖面的时候不是有几个锁定的图层么,只有截面线的那几个!组织召唤他们的时候到了!解锁!拖过来!!

就是他了,我们已经缩放完毕,所以肯定是可以对上的~小技巧,把截面部分上移100就好,遮挡住地下的线,可以看到,完美的得到了剖切的部分,甚至还有材质哦~~
在此基础上深化构造这个就得有工程经验了,我表示这里我只能瞎画了·····
后来发现视角有点小所以又进行了调整,当然这因人而异,最终的图差不多是酱紫
最后,当图面差不多之后,就是去ai或者ps进行加工了,调调线型,多点对比,加加花花草草~~比如我们可以直接选中线稿导出成ai,是的rhino可以直接导出ai,然后调整线宽,设置线型,获得想要的样子。

然后进ps,往上堆各种我们手绘处理的素材·······是的,我ps比较渣···直接找美图秀秀
差不多酱紫

当然你也可以选择打印显示模式叠在下面增加一些细节,结果孰优孰劣全看各位看官喜好~~~什么?你要渲染剖透视不要线稿?线稿太麻烦了?好吧,至少vray不支持剖面的直接渲染,如果你非要用vray做的话,那就不得不得将模型进行修剪了。比如下图就是我曾经干过的······rhino的修剪也并不是很复杂,至少不会像su的交错那样让人提心吊胆~

什么,还是太麻烦?还要单独建个模型不开心?好吧是你逼我的~同学你听过maxwell么?没听过的就赶紧去找
听闻去学吧
那么2015年最后一篇的内容就到这里结束了~~希望各位看官喜欢,给各位先拜个早年了~~

Popular posts from 产品随想的博客

Interview at the All Things Digital D5 Conference, Steve and Bill Gates spoke with journalists Kara Swisher and Walt Mossberg onstage in May 2007.

Kara Swisher: The first question I was interested in asking is what you think each has contributed to the computer and technology industry— starting with you, Steve, for Bill, and vice versa. Steve Jobs: Well, Bill built the first software company in the industry. And I think he built the first software company before anybody really in our industry knew what a software company was, except for these guys. And that was huge. That was really huge. And the business model that they ended up pursuing turned out to be the one that worked really well for the industry. I think the biggest thing was, Bill was really focused on software before almost anybody else had a clue that it was really the software that— KS: Was important? SJ: That’s what I see. I mean, a lot of other things you could say, but that’s the high-order bit. And I think building a company’s really hard, and it requires your greatest persuasive abilities to hire the best ...

Commencement Address at Stanford University--“Stay hungry. Stay foolish.”

I am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told— I never graduated from college. This is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That’s it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots. I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months but then stayed around as a drop-in for another eighteen months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting...

产品随想 | 周刊 第43期:历史上的今天

Products Huberman Lab   https://hubermanlab.com/ 一款聚焦于健康的播客 今日热榜   https://tophub.today/ 聚合展示,国内各热门榜单,对跟进热点非常有帮助,热点运营的好帮手 SketchyBar   https://github.com/FelixKratz/SketchyBar A highly customizable macOS status bar replacement Mac菜单栏定制 自定义程度很高,看作者展示的案例,暂时没想出这样的好处(不过应用本身的编辑,确实也没啥意义)生命在于折腾吧! Thanks-Mirror   https://github.com/eryajf/Thanks-Mirror 整理记录各个包管理器,系统镜像,以及常用软件的好用镜像,Thanks Mirror。 Musicn   https://github.com/zonemeen/musicn 一个下载高品质音乐的命令行工具,音乐来源: 咪咕 Planet Minecraft A creative Minecraft community fansite sharing maps, minecraft skins, resource packs, servers, mods, and more. 里面有很多动人的故事 可能是世界上最大的Minecraft社区,从2010年至今 The Uncensored Library   https://www.uncensoredlibrary.com/en blockworks   https://www.blockworks.uk/ "Distinctive maps for Minecraft that have educated players and risen to the level of art" 游戏也可以让人有更高的实现,而不仅仅是沉迷其中,国外游戏厂商比我们做的好太多 Minecraft_Memory_Bypass_GUI   https://github.com/xingchuanzhen/Minecraft_Memory_Bypass_GUI 绕过Minecraft...

巴菲特致股东信-1976年

 笔记: 为什么选择轻资产行业:当竞争疯狂时,不会强迫加入降价大战 最终选择了费雪的思想,选择能理解的优秀企业,以合理的价格买入并长期拥有 翻译: 雪球:https://xueqiu.com/6217262310/131440258 备份:https://archive.ph/XLK0S 原文: To the Stockholders of Berkshire Hathaway Inc, After two dismal years, operating results in 1976 improved significantly. Last year we said the degree of progress in insurance underwriting would determine whether our gain in earnings would be "moderate" or "major." As it turned out, earnings exceeded even the high end of our expectations. In large part, this was due to the outstanding efforts of Phil Liesche's managerial group at National Indemnity Company. In dollar terms, operating earnings came to $16,073,000, or $16.47 per share. While this is a record figure, we consider return on shareholders' equity to be a much more significant yardstick of economic performance. Here our result was 17.3%, moderately above our long-term average and even further above the average o...

巴菲特致股东信-1973年

 笔记: 在上一年度预测的今年竞争加剧导致利润下滑,真的发生了 翻译Link: 雪球:https://xueqiu.com/6217262310/131257618 备份:https://archive.ph/KIfdT 原文: To the Stockholders of Berkshire Hathaway Inc.: Our financial results for 1973 were satisfactory, with operating earnings of $11,930,592, producing a return of 17.4% on beginning stockholders' equity. Although operating earnings improved from $11.43 to $12.18 per share, earnings on equity decreased from the 19.8% of 1972. This decline occurred because the gain in earnings was not commensurate with the increase in shareholders' investment. We had forecast in last year's report that such a decline was likely. Unfortunately, our forecast proved to be correct. Our textile, banking, and most insurance operations had good years, but certain segments of the insurance business turned in poor results. Overall, our insurance business continues to be a most attractive area in which to employ capital. Management'...

巴菲特致股东信-1975年

 笔记: 华盛顿邮报已成为伯克希尔第一重仓股 翻译: 雪球:https://xueqiu.com/6217262310/131409324 备份:https://archive.ph/4hgK3 原文: To the Stockholders of Berkshire Hathaway Inc.: Last year, when discussing the prospects for 1975, we stated “the outlook for 1975 is not encouraging.” This forecast proved to be distressingly accurate. Our operating earnings for 1975 were $6,713,592, or $6.85 per share, producing a return on beginning shareholders ’ equity of 7.6%. This is the lowest return on equity experienced since 1967. Furthermore, as explained later in this letter, a large segment of these earnings resulted from Federal income tax refunds which will not be available to assist performance in 1976. On balance, however, current trends indicate a somewhat brighter 1976. Operations and prospects will be discussed in greater detail below, under specific industry titles. Our expectation is that significantly better results in textiles, earnings added from recent acquisitio...

Steve Jobs introduced the iPhone on January 9, 2007.

This is a day I’ve been looking forward to for two and a half years. Link Every once in a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything. And Apple has been— well, first of all, one’s very fortunate if you get to work on just one of these in your career. Apple’s been very fortunate. It’s been able to introduce a few of these into the world. In 1984, we introduced the Macintosh. It didn’t just change Apple, it changed the whole computer industry. In 2001, we introduced the first iPod, and it didn’t just change the way we all listen to music, it changed the entire music industry. Well, today, we’re introducing three revolutionary products of this class. The first one is a widescreen iPod with touch controls. The second is a revolutionary mobile phone. And the third is a breakthrough internet communications device. So, three things: a widescreen iPod with touch controls; a revolutionary mobile phone; and a breakthrough internet communicat...

产品随想 | 周刊 第90期:史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚

Why AI Will Save the World   https://a16z.com/2023/06/06/ai-will-save-the-world/ Marc Andreessen的雄文,十分有說服力,邏輯清晰 辯證了現今AI監管拋出的5個可能的AI問題 讀的過程中,腦海裏浮現的都是編程隨想那篇文章 为什么马克思是错的?——全面批判马列主义的知名著作导读   https://program-think.blogspot.com/2018/09/Book-Review-The-Errors-of-Marxism-Leninism.html 兩者的思維鏈條、敘事方式,非常相似 人民聖殿教   https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/人民圣殿教?useskin=vector 瓊斯自稱是神的化身,幾千年前轉世為釋迦牟尼,創建了佛教;後來又轉世為耶穌基督,創建了基督教;之後短期化身轉世為巴孛,建立巴哈伊信仰;最後轉世為列寧,將社會主義發揚光大。 邪教徒聲稱自己轉世成了列寧,這說明了什麼? Apple Vision   https://stratechery.com/2023/apple-vision Omnivore   https://github.com/omnivore-app/omnivore Omnivore is a complete, open source read-it-later solution for people who like reading. How the YouTube Algorithm Works in 2023: The Complete Guide   https://blog.hootsuite.com/how-the-youtube-algorithm-works/#A_brief_history_of_the_YouTube_algorithm 外人眼中的YouTube推薦算法變遷 Histography   https://histography.io/ “Histography" is interactive timeline that spans across 14 billion years of history, f...

巴菲特致股东信-1974年

 笔记: 价格战企业的逻辑:需要降价获取销量--->需要降低成本--->怎么降?扩大规模以摊低成本--->提高固定资产投入--->净资产回报率会降低 翻译: 雪球:https://xueqiu.com/6217262310/131257947 备份:https://archive.ph/5CEP6 原文: To the Stockholders of Berkshire Hathaway Inc.: Operating results for 1974 overall were unsatisfactory due to the poor performance of our insurance business. In last year's annual report some decline in profitability was predicted but the extent of this decline, which accelerated during the year, was a surprise. Operating earnings for 1974 were $8,383,576, or $8.56 per share, for a return on beginning shareholders' equity of 10.3%. This is the lowest return on equity realized since 1970. Our textile division and our bank both performed very well, turning in improved results against the already good figures of 1973. However, insurance underwriting, which has been mentioned in the last several annual reports as running at levels of unsustainable profitability, turned dramatically worse...

Interview with Steve Jobs, WGBH, 1990

Interviewer: what is it about this machine? Why is this machine so interesting? Why has it been so influential? Jobs: Ah ahm, I'll give you my point of view on it. I remember reading a magazine article a long time ago ah when I was ah twelve years ago maybe, in I think it was Scientific American . I'm not sure. And the article ahm proposed to measure the efficiency of locomotion for ah lots of species on planet earth to see which species was the most efficient at getting from point A to point B. Ah and they measured the kilocalories that each one expended. So ah they ranked them all and I remember that ahm...ah the Condor, Condor was the most efficient at [CLEARS THROAT] getting from point A to point B. And humankind, the crown of creation came in with a rather unimpressive showing about a third of the way down...