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产品随想 | 周刊 第102期：Quest for Beauty


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产品随想 | 陪读《芯片战争》：一、二章

作者其它书也值得读读 已出版《食用油营销第1书》《金龙鱼背后的粮油帝国》《鲁花：一粒花生撬动的粮油帝国》《手机战争》等财经书籍。 第一章 从晶体管到芯片 肖克利要创业的消息，就像17世纪的牛顿宣布要建立工场一样引起了轰动。那时候，美国还在草创时期的半导体产业主要集中在东部的波士顿和纽约长岛地区，许多科学家和工程师精英都慕肖克利之名前往美国西海岸，不远千里地聚集在肖克利旗下。可以这么说，肖克利给硅谷带来了最初的火种。 ——我也認可這個說法，不是斯坦福或其他校園，純粹是人才的原因 芯片发明后的六年间，政府对芯片项目的资助高达3200万美元，其中70%来自空军。同期美国半导体产业的研发经费有约85%的比例来自政府，政府的支持成就了美国在半导体领域的技术优势。“华盛顿通过支付技术研发费用和保证最终产品的市场份额，将原子弹最终制造成功的间隔缩短至六年，晶体管缩短至五年，集成电路缩短至三年。”不过，这些半导体企业实力壮大以后，往往不愿再参与美国政府出资的研发项目，因为那意味着专利权归政府所有，而且还得受保密条款的约束。 ——這纔是更合理的產業支持政策 诺伊斯采用激进的价格政策，将主要芯片产品的价格一举降到1美元，不仅是市场上的主流芯片价格的零头，还低于当时芯片的成本。这不是传统意义上的亏本倾销，而是第一个以反摩尔定律为定价依据的案例。反摩尔定律认为，同样的芯片在18个月后价格就会跌一半，所以按照几年后的价格为当前的芯片定价是有一定合理性的。市场被迅速打开，芯片很快在民用市场得到越来越广泛的应用，仙童的营收和利润都迅速上升，还带动了其母公司的股价上涨。摩尔后来评论：“诺伊斯以低价刺激需求，继而扩大产能、降低成本的策略，对于芯片产业的发展而言，其重要性堪比芯片的发明。” ——看到這裏的時候，真是非常震撼，好厲害的定價策略 东通工用磷渗透法研发出了高频的晶体管，于1957年做出世界上第一款袖珍收音机，并在这款产品上启用了索尼商标。盛田昭夫到美国去推销袖珍收音机的时候，德州仪器刚刚轻率地放弃了这个市场。美国人对盛田昭夫说：你们为什么要制造这种小收音机？美国人都想要大收音机。盛田昭夫回答：单单纽约就有20多家广播公司，同时就有20多套节目在播放，每人使用一台小收音机收听自己喜欢的节目，岂不更好？索尼用“一人一台”的宣传成功打破了美国人全家共用一台大型收音机的观念，成为全世界最畅销的收音机...
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《沸腾十五年》

  《沸腾十五年》 讲述中国，1995-2009 1995互联网商业元年 马云中国黄页 杭州电信有着非常好的社会资源和政府资源，马云却一样都没有。 杭州电信利用中国黄页（ chinapage.com ）已有的名声，做了一个名字很接近的网站，也叫“中国黄页”（ chinesepage.com ），借以分割马云版“中国黄页”的市场。 海归、极客、商人成为中国互联网创业者中的三大特色群体（VC是推手） 1996海归归来 为了确保搜狐不被遗忘，张朝阳选择了最便宜也最有效的方法：树立个人品牌。 1997大门洞开 互联网的一年等于其他行业的7年 网易免费电子邮箱系统一出，中关村性急的评论家们甚至给丁磊戴上第三代程序员的帽子，这个代别划分是这样的：基于DOS平台开发的是第一代，基于Windows平台开发的是第二代，基于Internet平台开发的是第三代。 1998极客当道 曾李青是腾讯5个创始人中最好玩、最开放、最具激情和感召力的一个，与温和的马化腾、爱好技术的张志东相比，是另一个类型。 周鸿祎在公开场合经常教育年轻的创业者，应该先用创业的心态去打工，充分积累自己在管理和业务上的能力和资源 1999狂欢开始了 海归、商人、极客、VC推手，这四类人一起齐刷刷地汇聚在1999年，1999年就这样成为中国互联网最黄金、最灿烂、最辉煌、最值得念想的大年份。 2000泡沫四溢 亚马逊的卖点是：‘最近50年的书我们都有’——这是它提供海量品种的意义。（因为国外有很高的信息化程度，以查询库房是否有存书） 雷军在商店买T恤的时候，发现了求同消费现象。“中国经济和美国经济处在不同的发展阶段，美国消费者寻求个性消费，中国现阶段，需求高度趋同，中国需要50年前版书的人极少。” 单品价格压得再便宜，但5元钱的配送费卓越坚决不免，用户冲着几乎免费的产品而来，但想想既然要出5元的配送费，买一样商品是这个钱，10样商品也是，不如多挑几样商品。 雷军发现，互联网比软件要好玩得多，可以不断地改，不断地去修正，用户可以很快地反馈给你，你也可以很快地进步 2001大转折 段永平反问他：“你卖了公司之后干吗？”丁磊说：“我卖了公司有钱后再开一家公司。” 段永平发现，网易股票被低估是因为公司面临一场官司，也可能被摘牌，这里面有些不确定性。段永平就去找一些法律界人士问官司的问题，问类似的官司最可能的结果是什么，得到...
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产品随想 | 周刊 第116期：Great things in business are never done by one person.

Cromite   https://github.com/uazo/cromite Cromite a Bromite fork with ad blocking and privacy enhancements; take back your browser! awesome-shizuku   https://github.com/timschneeb/awesome-shizuku Curated list of awesome Android apps making use of Shizuku KernelSU   https://github.com/tiann/KernelSU A Kernel based root solution for Android Love, Hate or Fear It, ​​TikTok Has Changed America   https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/04/18/business/media/tiktok-ban-american-culture.html?unlocked_article_code=1.mE0.DpEZ.VWmNssw5B6_c "My model for business is The Beatles.There were four guys who kept each others, kind of, negative tendencies in check. They balanced each other, and the total was greater than the sum of the parts. And that's how I see business. You know, great things in business are never done by one person. They're done by a team of people. "Our motivation is simple--we want to provide the most advanced and innovative platform to our developers, and we wa...
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Scott Forstall: "Great leaders exude a positive attitude of possibility and don’t shy from working harder than their employees and taking risks."​

  Scott Forstall led the team at Apple that developed the iPhone – and is equally successful in vastly different realms, including co-producing multiple Tony Award winning Broadway shows. What has always impressed me most, though, is the time he devotes to mentoring a diverse set of entrepreneurial founders. We’ve had the pleasure of knowing each other for several years, thanks to mutual friend Ali Partovi ’s incredible Neo community , a mentor community, accelerator and VC through which we support junior engineers to become senior leaders. Ali was an early backer of Airbnb, Dropbox, Uber and Facebook, so I knew I was in good hands! At our recent Neo reunion I was able to catch-up with Scott for a wide-ranging conversation on the landscapes of opportunity in technology and what we’re anticipating next. He kindly agreed to go o...
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《Becoming Steve Jobs》Chapter 11 Do Your Level Best

As a mass-market consumer electronics device, the iPod would eventually be sold, of course, all the usual places: Best Buy, Circuit City, big-box department stores, and even the computer retailers like CompUSA. Steve disdained all these outlets. His obsession with his products continued well after they’d been manufactured. The tacky, low-margin hustle of these chains ran completely against the minimalist aesthetic of his products and the clean exuberance of his marketing. There was only one place where he really enjoyed seeing his products sold to the public: his own Apple stores, which had debuted four months ahead of the iPod. 觉得那些喧嚣、嘈杂的零售渠道，配不上自己极美的产品 Going back as far as the debut of the Mac, Steve had always groused about the way Apple computers were sold in its resellers’ stores. The way his computers were displayed and sold represented the very worst of what could go wrong when things weren’t done his way. The salespeople, always interested in quick turnover, seemed to make litt...
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产品随想 | 周刊 第117期：He saw the intersection of art and science and business and built an organization to reflect that.

He disliked biography attempts. “I regard my scientific papers as my essential biography,’’ Land said. “I pour my whole life into the scientific project I’m investigating. I leave behind the things I’ve done in the past to do the work in the present.’’ “The purpose of inventing instant photography was essentially aesthetic,’’ Land said in 1947, announcing the process’s invention. “We live in a world changing so rapidly that what we mean frequently by common sense is doing the thing that would have been right last year.” — Edwin Land, Statement to Polaroid Corporation employees (25 June 1958) The worldview he was describing perfectly echoed Land’s: “Market research is what you do when your product isn’t any good.” And his sense of innovation: “Every significant invention,” Land once said, “must be startling, unexpected, and must come into a world that is not prepared for it. If the world were prepared for it, it would not be much of an invention.” Thirty years later, when a reporter ask...
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产品随想 | 读《置身事内：中国政府与经济发展》 第一章：地方政府的权力与事务

产品随想 此书写于疫情封锁期间的那2个月，作者表述是，平时太忙没时间，疫情封锁刚好有大块完整空闲 ──果真是有闲，才能促进思考，当大家都忙于房贷、生存的时候，即使是智者，也没时间思考 引言 一套严格的概念框架无疑有助于厘清问题，但也经常让人错把问题当成答案。社会科学总渴望发现一套“放之四海而皆准”的方法和规律，但这种心态需要成熟起来。不要低估经济现实的复杂性，也不要高估科学工具的质量。 ——亚历山大·格申克龙《经济落后的历史透视》 ──别把问题当成是答案 前言 我剔除了技术细节，尽量用通俗的语言讲述核心的内容和观念：在我国，政府不但影响“蛋糕”的分配，也参与“蛋糕”的生产，所以我们不可能脱离政府谈经济。必须深入了解这一政治经济机体如何运作，才可能对其进行判断。我们生活在这个机体中，我们的发展有赖于对这个机体的认知。要避免把舶来的理论化成先入为主的判断——看到现实与理论不符，便直斥现实之非，进而把要了解的现象变成了讥讽的对象——否则就丧失了“同情的理解”的机会。 ──开宗明义，即：我们学到的西方经济学，与中国现实不符合时，不应该直接讽刺中国，而应更深了解中国。政府参与蛋糕生产、蛋糕分配的表述，足够清晰。 对从事经济实务工作（如金融和投资）的读者，我希望能帮助他们了解日常业务之外的政治经济背景，这些背景的变化往往对行业有深远的影响。对经济学专业的大学生，由于他们所学的西方理论和中国现实之间脱节严重，我将中国政府作为本书分析的主角，希望可以帮助构建二者之间的桥梁。对非经济学专业的读者，我希望这本书能帮助他们读懂国家政经大事和新闻。 ──1000个哈姆雷特 本书注重描述现实，注重解释“是什么”和“为什么”。当不可避免涉及“怎么办”的时候，则注重解释当下正在实施的政策和改革。对读者来说，了解政府认为应该怎么办，比了解“我”认为应该怎么办，重要得多。 ──“比了解“我”认为应该怎么办，重要得多”，个人不赞同，更好的做法是，了解政府认为怎么做之后，仍继续思考、提出自己认为更优的解法，因为政府采取的方案，并不一定是最优的。 本书几乎每一章的主题，复旦的同事都有研究和著述，我从他们那里学到了很多。在复旦工作的六七年中，我几乎每周都参加陈钊和陆铭等同仁组织的学习讨论小组，本书中的很多想法都源于这些讨论。 ──又推荐了2名学者 书籍框架 第一章：介绍决定地方事务范围的主要因素，这些因素不...
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Interview with Steve Jobs, WGBH, 1990

Interviewer: what is it about this machine? Why is this machine so interesting? Why has it been so influential? Jobs: Ah ahm, I'll give you my point of view on it. I remember reading a magazine article a long time ago ah when I was ah twelve years ago maybe, in I think it was Scientific American . I'm not sure. And the article ahm proposed to measure the efficiency of locomotion for ah lots of species on planet earth to see which species was the most efficient at getting from point A to point B. Ah and they measured the kilocalories that each one expended. So ah they ranked them all and I remember that ahm...ah the Condor, Condor was the most efficient at [CLEARS THROAT] getting from point A to point B. And humankind, the crown of creation came in with a rather unimpressive showing about a third of the way down...
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巴菲特致股东信-1971年

 编者笔记： 保险业务因为高毛利，开始有了更多竞争（资本逐利性） 确保当保险灾难来临时，有能力调集足够的资金来解决 巴菲特几乎从不进行恶意收购，收购的主要目的是：长期持有企业以获得经营利润并利用自由现金流再投资 原文： https://xueqiu.com/6217262310/131103035  To the Stockholders of Berkshire Hathaway Inc.: It is a pleasure to report that operating earnings in 1971, excluding capital gains, amounted to more than 14% of beginning shareholders' equity. This result--considerably above the average of American industry--was achieved in the face of inadequate earnings in our textile operation, making clear the benefits of redeployment of capital inaugurated five years ago. It will continue to be the objective of management to improve return on total capitalization (long term debt plus equity), as well as the return on equity capital. However, it should be realized that merely maintaining the present relatively high rate of return may well prove more difficult than was improvement from the very low levels of return which prevailed throughout most of the 1960's. ...
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产品随想 | 周刊 第50期：2010年kkndme：写在房价暴涨前

Products Digital Clock 4   https://sourceforge.net/projects/digitalclock4/ 开源的桌面时钟工具，开源，Linux, Mac, Windows FlipIt   https://github.com/phaselden/FlipIt Flip Clock screensaver 开源的翻页时钟 Windows 11 Fixer   https://github.com/99natmar99/Windows-11-Fixer Windows 11 Fixer is a program designed to make customizing your Windows 11 as easy as possible. 在一个集中的位置，能直接Win11相关的设置 即食历史   https://cuphistory.net/ 非常简短的历史科普，Base香港，很多内容有广东话 kkndme聊房   https://github.com/momo0853/kkndme kkndme聊房，数据整理自天涯。提供HTML、PDF和Markdown三种形式。 v86   https://github.com/copy/v86 x86 virtualization in your browser, recompiling x86 to wasm on the fly 浏览器中模拟x86 GitHub City   https://github.com/honzaap/GithubCity Create a 3D city from your GitHub contributions 让过往成城 Layoffs.fyi   Tracker   https://layoffs.fyi/ Tracking all tech startup layoffs since COVID-19. 用技术，监测疫情依赖的美国科技公司裁员 Trianglify   https://github.com/qrohlf/trianglify Algorithmically generated triangle art Low Poly生成工具...
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