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张忠谋-创始人肖像计划-Ep.6


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Note:

  • 于是去了Sylvania的半导体部门上班 —— 红杉创始人Don Valentine的第一份工作也在这家公司。
    ——张忠谋原来和红杉的创始人,是同一辈人

  • 幸好,我回来时虽然继续做以前的研发工作,但3个月不到,他就要我做他业务单位的总经理,这可说是我事业生命中最重要的一次升迁,管理的部门有3,000人,其中2,500至2,600人是作业员。
    ——TI工作3年,+2.5年的Stanford,回来3个月就是总经理,也太幸运了......

  • 1964年,很多产品都是美国制,没有东南亚跟中国制造,都在德州做,2,500~2,600位作业员包含研发、产品、工程师,还有新产品开发建议和业务单位,当时虽然销售不归我们直接管,是公用的,但这里所有产品业务都要联席建议和定价,其实是麻雀虽小、五脏俱全的单位,也是训练总经理的好机会。
    ——也相当于小公司,可以磨练人

  • 最重要的是我有技术背景,也有多年产品研发经验,最大的缺洞是Sales & Marketing(业务与市场行销),几十年后我发现,这是对的途径。
    我到台湾后就发现,许多科技公司都轻视Sales & Marketing,以为技术最重要,但没有业务员、你根本没生意,不会获利,根本活不了。

  • 我只做一年就升迁,后来公司调升我做高一级的总经理,一年后又调去另一部门做总经理,到1972年时,我已是TI半导体部门总经理。

  • 半导体的商业模式是重资本、中周期,强调学习曲线,前期出货的良品率低,单元成本高,所以相同工艺下量大者可以赢家通吃。所以张忠谋在市场占有率高的前提下,反常规提前降价,可以拉高竞争障碍,让竞争者因学习曲线望而生畏,达到一剑封喉的目的。

  • 有没有可能打造一家纯制造商,通过优秀的服务和养出fab-less的生态,成为整个行业出货量最大的制造商,从而彻彻底底的赢家通吃,一统江湖呢?
    通过巨头之间彼此的矛盾,找到生态位中的那个破局点,明修栈道、暗度陈仓,让全天下即使看着自己的阳谋也无可奈何,二十年之功即可成就千秋基业啊。
    ——利用巨头间的不信任

  • 大策略、小策略都要靠领导人的洞见,洞见则来自于不断地想未来、规划未来。

  • “踏出校门许久,还在谈论自己出身某某名校的人,说明他生命的颠峰,就只是考上了一所好学校,以后都在走下坡路。”

  • 他认为一个好的人才,最重要的是要具备正确的价值观。特别是想在各行各业头角峥嵘、立志成为领导人的年轻人,更要创建良好的价值体系。
    所谓价值观,指的是诚信(Integrity),让人家愿意信任你,这是一个从未因时代变动而改变的永恒价值。

  • 有系统指的是,只要是能帮助我了解金融危机的所有的东西,我都拿来看,就包括《华尔街日报》、《国际先锋论坛报》,还有《经济学人》、《BusinessWeek》、《Fortune》。尽可能掌握和了解与金融危机相关的知识与影响,了解它为何发生、它如何引爆经济的不景气。

  • 他的英文很不错,可是绝对不像后来那么好,把他的英文他的阅读从B+到A+是在印度的两年。派到印度去,其实假如没有什么暴动、没有什么叛乱了,军官是没有什么事情的,他就两年时间。只有第二件事情,我待会讲,可是这两年绝大部分的时间它都是炎炎的太阳,都是在闷在军宿舍里头没事做,他就看古典的经典的书。
    ——原来丘吉尔的英文,也是2年阅读训练出来的

  • 一本是《罗马帝国的衰败及灭亡》(the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire)。非常厚的好几本书。而且是文本是写的非常好的,Edward Gibbon英国人写的,还有莫克林也是历史,这两个都是巨著,他都看完了。
    除此以外他也看了很多连Adam Smith就是《国富论》(Wealth of Nations),他也看了,所以这两年当中看了很多书

  • 我是一直对丘吉尔是非常有兴趣,而且我觉得他是20世纪头半世纪,1900~1950半个世纪的,恐怕是历史上全世界恐怕是最值得佩服的一个人。
    ——张忠谋对丘吉尔评价这么高

  • 而诚信我是觉得东方跟西方的定义虽然是一样,不说谎话、做到承诺,可是有一点大不同。西方的诚信是对所有的人,而东方人诚信往往只是对一小圈的。我现在讲的诚信是西方的诚信,是对所有人,你只要是以一个公司来说,你这个不说谎话,做到承诺是应该是对你领导的所有人,你领导的所有人,当然是你的公司的员工,但是不要忘记了,也是你的公司的股东,那些股东是绝大部分你都不认识的,但是你也必须要对他们诚信,这是西方的诚信观念。
    ——深以为然

  • 我是把几个很基本的价值观是刚刚已经列出来了,大我、(对所有人的)诚信、守法、热情;价值观只是一个开始,这个领导要有他的技能,他的 skill set。

  • 很广泛的基本知识。很广泛的基本知识,比方说也要看你的领域,你是预备做政治的领导人吗?你是预备做,你假如预备做政治领导人,我倒觉得是像丘吉尔一样,历史、地理、文本。
    你想要做这个企业的领导人吗?我是觉得就应该企业的动态,是你的基本知识。一个企业是怎么怎么构成,一个企业怎么成功,这是你的基本知识。

  • 终身学习习惯其实应该是有计划、有系统、有纪律的终身学习。这个是可以讲一个钟头,我过去也常常讲一个钟头讲终身学习,是终身学习的办法是应该是有计划、有纪律、有系统,可是我今天没时间了,可是你要养成一个这种的终身学习的习惯,你终身都是受用。

  • 所以一个一流大学培养领导人的大学,必须要100%的人住宿舍。
    而且宿舍是要稍微像样一点,稍微像样。(全场大笑)
    ——很有意思

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