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小小路面前,别说你有族基础


其实好多人用了几年的REVIT,对于族的制作以及问题,并没有一个好的系统型认识,都是野战军。不得不承认的是,再熟练的老司机,也会遇到解决不了的族问题。我想把自己的经验分享,和大家做一个交流。如有得罪,多多包涵,我们都是为了让BIM发展的更好。

首先我们来聊聊:族类别,族,族类型,实例。
族类别:指根据构件在建筑工程中不同的分类,把族分为不同的大类。比如:墙,门,窗,家具等等。
族:指类别下,又具体划分。比如墙族,分为:基本墙,叠层墙,幕墙。有人说还有面墙,不是的,面墙也是有具体的哪一种墙族实现的,面墙指实现一种墙的方式。
族类型:族类型指,具体的一个族,下面有划分为很多类型(叫型号也行),比如:基本墙,又分为:常规200mm,常规300mm,挡土墙等等,这时候有人说不服,说墙分为建筑墙和结构墙,这是很局限的认知。
实例:一个类型的族中,某一个具体的构件,比如具体哪一道墙,这道墙就是实力。

那顺势说说参数:
大家都知道REVIT参数分为:族参数(类型参数,实例参数,共享参数),项目参数,共享参数,全局参数。
族参数:族参数中的类型参数,一般指一个族类型的类型参数,也可以包含实例参数。
实例参数:实例参数指单独影响某一个实例的参数,不会影响整个族类型。实例参数从动于实例参数。
共享参数:该参数可以进入项目参数也可以进入族参数。说白了,它可以做个媒人。
参数关联:指将A族中的参数,关联到B族中的对应参数,从而在B族的族;类型参数中直接修改。当B族进入项目C,可在C中直接修改B,达到修改A的效果。 

前面文字你不想看,下面请多花一分钟:包爽。
我们以一个最最普通的窗族模型制作为例(暂不提注释部分)
正常的步骤,新建族--“公制窗”,就开始飙车了。做了很多参数觉得好酸爽。其实不是的,一个正常的族A,同样实现一样的功能,一定是参数越少越好,模型里面的参照越少越好。起码乱七八糟的自己看了难受,别人用起来难受,修改难受。
我推荐的步骤:使用嵌套族,做一些零件。这个需要一个完整的族思路,真不建议野战军这边看看视频那边看看书本。
本图为例,我们只有六个参照平面,一个参照标高。其中五个参照平面和一个参照标高是族样板自带的,我们只是添加了一个下部窗扇高度的参照平面,加上这就是个普通的双扇平开窗,这个参照平面都不会有。而我们还是很顺利的完成这个族的绘制。
我们将窗扇做成标准的单窗扇族:设置正确的族类别,子类别,以及其他参数,包括开启方向。
我们查看窗族中是否有多余的参数关联:除了材质将来需要关联,其他没有任何一个参数关联,在这种状况下,长度之类的参数关联,都是多余的。
那看看窗扇做法:在单窗扇族中,没有进行任何的形体创建,型材和玻璃板都是载入。和第一个图相同,这个单窗扇族,也没有任何的多余参数关联。所以图纸很干净。
我们看一下窗框型材问题:除了材质参数,没有任何的多余参数。同样的故事玻璃板也是。型材采用放样创建,使用“公制轮廓”,将型材轮廓保存,轮廓来自CAD图纸。

这时候,其实我们只做了两个族,“玻璃板”和“型材”,型材的轮廓还是来自CAD的,我们其实只是将其插入,并没有什么工作量。而且这两基本构件,以后是要经常用到的。而我们可以顺势获得一个标准的“单扇窗族”,一个“窗框族”以及无数个“窗族”,在后续的族中,不需要进行任何的形体创建。甚至,“创建功能区”扣掉都没事。这样我们便以最小的工作量,获得了最大的工作成果。做族如果不省事,还要做族干嘛。工作成果的交付可能不要这么精细,但我们可以选择让工作简单,并且将来需要精细交付的时候,我们自然而然的具备这种能力。
那么,总有高手要讲,你不就是个简单的族嵌套么,丫的不害臊吹了2000字。
显然,以上理解是肤浅的。其过程中的问题是值得注视的。我举一个例子:我在上图的窗户上加个套子不过分吧;按照小小路说的就是嵌套咯~(随便加一个,不讲究)
那我们来看这个窗户的平面:有些同志会发现窗户平面表达永恒的不对:窗套似乎不听话,视图永远错误。说这个问题是视图深度问题的,可以点击链接报名参加学习了。如果做的对了,试试把错误结果做出来,犯错也是需要水准的。就好像花心男一般都挺帅。
我们只以一个最简单的窗户做法以及中间问题说说事,并不是说REVIT族就这么点事了。真正去做的人,会发现,其中问题非常多,而我可以肯定的说,按照我说的做,不会出错。丫的出错很难你知道吗?把这些族做的干干净净的,才算族有基础,再去学习更高级的族做法,应用方法。很多人找我描述族做错的问题,兄弟寻求帮助,我都想问问他师父到底是谁?上来就说“教我点高级族做法”的同志,先好好练基础。
比我做的好的前辈比比皆是,在此交流。多多包涵。

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